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<tr class="t-nv-h1"><td colspan="5"> 线程</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/thread.html" title="cpp/thread/thread"><span class="t-lines"><span>thread</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/jthread.html" title="cpp/thread/jthread"><span class="t-lines"><span>jthread</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/stop_token.html" title="cpp/thread/stop token"><span class="t-lines"><span>stop_token</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/stop_source.html" title="cpp/thread/stop source"><span class="t-lines"><span>stop_source</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/stop_callback.html" title="cpp/thread/stop callback"><span class="t-lines"><span>stop_callback</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/hardware_destructive_interference_size.html" title="cpp/thread/hardware destructive interference size"><span class="t-lines"><span>hardware_destructive_interference_size</span><span>hardware_constructive_interference_size</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> <code>this_thread</code> 命名空间</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-col-table"><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/get_id.html" title="cpp/thread/get id"><span class="t-lines"><span>get_id</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/yield.html" title="cpp/thread/yield"><span class="t-lines"><span>yield</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div></td><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/sleep_for.html" title="cpp/thread/sleep for"><span class="t-lines"><span>sleep_for</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/sleep_until.html" title="cpp/thread/sleep until"><span class="t-lines"><span>sleep_until</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h1"><td colspan="5"> 互斥</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-col-table"><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/mutex.html" title="cpp/thread/mutex"><span class="t-lines"><span>mutex</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/recursive_mutex.html" title="cpp/thread/recursive mutex"><span class="t-lines"><span>recursive_mutex</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/shared_mutex.html" title="cpp/thread/shared mutex"><span class="t-lines"><span>shared_mutex</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div></td><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/timed_mutex.html" title="cpp/thread/timed mutex"><span class="t-lines"><span>timed_mutex</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/recursive_timed_mutex.html" title="cpp/thread/recursive timed mutex"><span class="t-lines"><span>recursive_timed_mutex</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/shared_timed_mutex.html" title="cpp/thread/shared timed mutex"><span class="t-lines"><span>shared_timed_mutex</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx14">(C++14)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> 通用锁管理</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-col-table"><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/lock_guard.html" title="cpp/thread/lock guard"><span class="t-lines"><span>lock_guard</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/scoped_lock.html" title="cpp/thread/scoped lock"><span class="t-lines"><span>scoped_lock</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/unique_lock.html" title="cpp/thread/unique lock"><span class="t-lines"><span>unique_lock</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/shared_lock.html" title="cpp/thread/shared lock"><span class="t-lines"><span>shared_lock</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx14">(C++14)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/lock_tag_t.html" title="cpp/thread/lock tag t"><span class="t-lines"><span>defer_lock_t</span><span>try_to_lock_t</span><span>adopt_lock_t</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div></td><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/lock.html" title="cpp/thread/lock"><span class="t-lines"><span>lock</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/try_lock.html" title="cpp/thread/try lock"><span class="t-lines"><span>try_lock</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/lock_tag.html" title="cpp/thread/lock tag"><span class="t-lines"><span>defer_lock</span><span>try_to_lock</span><span>adopt_lock</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/once_flag.html" title="cpp/thread/once flag"><span class="t-lines"><span>once_flag</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/call_once.html" title="cpp/thread/call once"><span class="t-lines"><span>call_once</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h1"><td colspan="5"> 条件变量</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/condition_variable.html" title="cpp/thread/condition variable"><span class="t-lines"><span>condition_variable</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/condition_variable_any.html" title="cpp/thread/condition variable any"><span class="t-lines"><span>condition_variable_any</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/notify_all_at_thread_exit.html" title="cpp/thread/notify all at thread exit"><span class="t-lines"><span>notify_all_at_thread_exit</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/cv_status.html" title="cpp/thread/cv status"><span class="t-lines"><span>cv_status</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h1"><td colspan="5"> 信号量</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/counting_semaphore.html" title="cpp/thread/counting semaphore"><span class="t-lines"><span>counting_semaphore</span><span>binary_semaphore</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h1"><td colspan="5"> 闩与屏障</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/latch.html" title="cpp/thread/latch"><span class="t-lines"><span>latch</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/barrier.html" title="cpp/thread/barrier"><span class="t-lines"><span>barrier</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h1"><td colspan="5"> future</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-col-table"><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/promise.html" title="cpp/thread/promise"><span class="t-lines"><span>promise</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/future.html" title="cpp/thread/future"><span class="t-lines"><span>future</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/shared_future.html" title="cpp/thread/shared future"><span class="t-lines"><span>shared_future</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/packaged_task.html" title="cpp/thread/packaged task"><span class="t-lines"><span>packaged_task</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/async.html" title="cpp/thread/async"><span class="t-lines"><span>async</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div></td><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/launch.html" title="cpp/thread/launch"><span class="t-lines"><span>launch</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/future_status.html" title="cpp/thread/future status"><span class="t-lines"><span>future_status</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/future_error.html" title="cpp/thread/future error"><span class="t-lines"><span>future_error</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/future/future_category.html" title="cpp/thread/future category"><span class="t-lines"><span>future_category</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="thread/future_errc.html" title="cpp/thread/future errc"><span class="t-lines"><span>future_errc</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div></td></tr>
</table></div><div></div></div></div></div><div class="t-navbar-sep"> </div></div>
<p>C++ 包含线程、互斥、条件变量和future的内建支持。
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.BA.BF.E7.A8.8B">线程</span></h3>
<p>线程使得程序能在数个处理器核心同时执行。
</p>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td colspan="2"> <div>定义于头文件 <code>&lt;thread&gt;</code> </div>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/thread.html" title="cpp/thread/thread"> <span class="t-lines"><span>thread</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  管理单独的线程 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/jthread.html" title="cpp/thread/jthread"> <span class="t-lines"><span>jthread</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   有自动合并和取消支持的 <span class="t-lc"><a href="thread/thread.html" title="cpp/thread/thread">std::thread</a></span>  <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span> </td></tr>

<tr>
<td colspan="2"> <h5> <span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.AE.A1.E7.90.86.E5.BD.93.E5.89.8D.E7.BA.BF.E7.A8.8B.E7.9A.84.E5.87.BD.E6.95.B0">  管理当前线程的函数 </span></h5>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td colspan="2"> <div>定义于命名空间 <code>this_thread</code></div>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/yield.html" title="cpp/thread/yield"> <span class="t-lines"><span>yield</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  建议实现重新调度各执行线程 <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/get_id.html" title="cpp/thread/get id"> <span class="t-lines"><span>get_id</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  返回当前线程的线程 id <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/sleep_for.html" title="cpp/thread/sleep for"> <span class="t-lines"><span>sleep_for</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   使当前线程的执行停止指定的时间段  <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/sleep_until.html" title="cpp/thread/sleep until"> <span class="t-lines"><span>sleep_until</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  使当前线程的执行停止直到指定的时间点  <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数)</span> </td></tr>
</table>
 <table class="t-rev-begin">
<tr class="t-rev t-since-cxx20"><td>
<h3> <span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.BA.BF.E7.A8.8B.E5.8F.96.E6.B6.88">线程取消</span></h3>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td colspan="2"> <div>定义于头文件 <code>&lt;stop_token&gt;</code> </div>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/stop_token.html" title="cpp/thread/stop token"> <span class="t-lines"><span>stop_token</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   查询是否已经做出 <span class="t-lc">std::jthread</span> 取消请求的接口  <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/stop_source.html" title="cpp/thread/stop source"> <span class="t-lines"><span>stop_source</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   表示请求停止一个或多个 <span class="t-lc">std::jthread</span> 的类  <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/stop_callback.html" title="cpp/thread/stop callback"> <span class="t-lines"><span>stop_callback</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   在 <span class="t-lc">std::jthread</span> 取消上注册回调的接口  <br> <span class="t-mark">(类模板)</span> </td></tr>
</table>
</td>
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span></td></tr>
</table>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.BC.93.E5.AD.98.E5.A4.A7.E5.B0.8F.E8.AE.BF.E9.97.AE">缓存大小访问</span></h3>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td colspan="2"> <div>定义于头文件 <code>&lt;new&gt;</code> </div>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/hardware_destructive_interference_size.html" title="cpp/thread/hardware destructive interference size"> <span class="t-lines"><span>hardware_destructive_interference_size</span><span>hardware_constructive_interference_size</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   避免假共享的最小偏移<br>促使真共享的最大偏移 <br> <span class="t-mark">(常量)</span> </td></tr>
</table>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E4.BA.92.E6.96.A5">互斥</span></h3>
<p>互斥算法避免多个线程同时访问共享资源。这会避免数据竞争，并提供线程间的同步支持。
</p>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td colspan="2"> <div>定义于头文件 <code>&lt;mutex&gt;</code> </div>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/mutex.html" title="cpp/thread/mutex"> <span class="t-lines"><span>mutex</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   提供基本互斥设施 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/timed_mutex.html" title="cpp/thread/timed mutex"> <span class="t-lines"><span>timed_mutex</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  提供互斥设施，实现有时限锁定 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/recursive_mutex.html" title="cpp/thread/recursive mutex"> <span class="t-lines"><span>recursive_mutex</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  提供能被同一线程递归锁定的互斥设施 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/recursive_timed_mutex.html" title="cpp/thread/recursive timed mutex"> <span class="t-lines"><span>recursive_timed_mutex</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  提供能被同一线程递归锁定的互斥设施，并实现有时限锁定 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td colspan="2"> <div>定义于头文件 <code>&lt;shared_mutex&gt;</code> </div>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/shared_mutex.html" title="cpp/thread/shared mutex"> <span class="t-lines"><span>shared_mutex</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   提供共享互斥设施  <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/shared_timed_mutex.html" title="cpp/thread/shared timed mutex"> <span class="t-lines"><span>shared_timed_mutex</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx14">(C++14)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   提供共享互斥设施并实现有时限锁定  <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span> </td></tr>


<tr>
<td colspan="2"> <h5> <span class="mw-headline" id=".E9.80.9A.E7.94.A8.E4.BA.92.E6.96.A5.E7.AE.A1.E7.90.86">  通用互斥管理 </span></h5>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td colspan="2"> <div>定义于头文件 <code>&lt;mutex&gt;</code> </div>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/lock_guard.html" title="cpp/thread/lock guard"> <span class="t-lines"><span>lock_guard</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  实现严格基于作用域的互斥体所有权包装器 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类模板)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/scoped_lock.html" title="cpp/thread/scoped lock"> <span class="t-lines"><span>scoped_lock</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   用于多个互斥体的免死锁 RAII 封装器  <br> <span class="t-mark">(类模板)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/unique_lock.html" title="cpp/thread/unique lock"> <span class="t-lines"><span>unique_lock</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  实现可移动的互斥体所有权包装器 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类模板)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/shared_lock.html" title="cpp/thread/shared lock"> <span class="t-lines"><span>shared_lock</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx14">(C++14)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   实现可移动的共享互斥体所有权封装器  <br> <span class="t-mark">(类模板)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/lock_tag_t.html" title="cpp/thread/lock tag t"> <span class="t-lines"><span>defer_lock_t</span><span>try_to_lock_t</span><span>adopt_lock_t</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  用于指定锁定策略的标签类型 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/lock_tag.html" title="cpp/thread/lock tag"> <span class="t-lines"><span>defer_lock</span><span>try_to_lock</span><span>adopt_lock</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  用于指定锁定策略的标签常量 <br> <span class="t-mark">(常量)</span> </td></tr>


<tr>
<td colspan="2"> <h5> <span class="mw-headline" id=".E9.80.9A.E7.94.A8.E9.94.81.E5.AE.9A.E7.AE.97.E6.B3.95">  通用锁定算法 </span></h5>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/try_lock.html" title="cpp/thread/try lock"> <span class="t-lines"><span>try_lock</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  试图通过重复调用 <code>try_lock</code> 获得互斥体的所有权 <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/lock.html" title="cpp/thread/lock"> <span class="t-lines"><span>lock</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  锁定指定的互斥体，若任何一个不可用则阻塞 <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span> </td></tr>


<tr>
<td colspan="2"> <h5> <span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8D.95.E6.AC.A1.E8.B0.83.E7.94.A8">  单次调用 </span></h5>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/once_flag.html" title="cpp/thread/once flag"> <span class="t-lines"><span>once_flag</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  确保 <a href="thread/call_once.html" title="cpp/thread/call once"><tt>call_once</tt></a> 只调用函数一次的帮助对象 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/call_once.html" title="cpp/thread/call once"> <span class="t-lines"><span>call_once</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  仅调用函数一次，即使从多个线程调用 <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span> </td></tr>
</table>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.9D.A1.E4.BB.B6.E5.8F.98.E9.87.8F">条件变量</span></h3>
<p>条件变量是允许多个线程相互交流的同步原语。它允许一定量的线程等待（可以定时）另一线程的提醒，然后再继续。条件变量始终关联到一个互斥。
</p>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td colspan="2"> <div>定义于头文件 <code>&lt;condition_variable&gt;</code> </div>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/condition_variable.html" title="cpp/thread/condition variable"> <span class="t-lines"><span>condition_variable</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  提供与 <span class="t-lc"><a href="thread/unique_lock.html" title="cpp/thread/unique lock">std::unique_lock</a></span> 关联的条件变量 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/condition_variable_any.html" title="cpp/thread/condition variable any"> <span class="t-lines"><span>condition_variable_any</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  提供与任何锁类型关联的条件变量 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/notify_all_at_thread_exit.html" title="cpp/thread/notify all at thread exit"> <span class="t-lines"><span>notify_all_at_thread_exit</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   安排到在此线程完全结束时对 <code>notify_all</code> 的调用 <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数)</span>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/cv_status.html" title="cpp/thread/cv status"> <span class="t-lines"><span>cv_status</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  列出条件变量上定时等待的可能结果 <br> <span class="t-mark">(枚举)</span>
</td></tr>
</table>
 <table class="t-rev-begin">
<tr class="t-rev t-since-cxx20"><td>
<h3> <span class="mw-headline" id=".E4.BF.A1.E5.8F.B7.E9.87.8F">信号量</span></h3>
<p>信号量 (semaphore) 是一种轻量的同步原件，用于制约对共享资源的并发访问。在可以使用两者时，信号量能比条件变量更有效率。
</p>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td colspan="2"> <div>定义于头文件 <code>&lt;semaphore&gt;</code> </div>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/counting_semaphore.html" title="cpp/thread/counting semaphore"> <span class="t-lines"><span>counting_semaphore</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  实现非负资源计数的信号量 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类模板)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/counting_semaphore.html" title="cpp/thread/counting semaphore"> <span class="t-lines"><span>binary_semaphore</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  仅拥有二个状态的信号量 <br> <span class="t-mark">(typedef)</span> </td></tr>
</table>
<h3> <span class="mw-headline" id=".E9.97.A9.E4.B8.8E.E5.B1.8F.E9.9A.9C">闩与屏障</span></h3>
<p>闩 (latch) 与屏障 (barrier) 是线程协调机制，允许任何数量的线程阻塞直至期待数量的线程到达该屏障。闩不能复用，屏障能重复使用。
</p>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td colspan="2"> <div>定义于头文件 <code>&lt;latch&gt;</code> </div>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/latch.html" title="cpp/thread/latch"> <span class="t-lines"><span>latch</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  单次使用的线程屏障 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td colspan="2"> <div>定义于头文件 <code>&lt;barrier&gt;</code> </div>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/barrier.html" title="cpp/thread/barrier"> <span class="t-lines"><span>barrier</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  可复用的线程屏障 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类模板)</span> </td></tr>
</table>
<p><br>
</p>
</td>
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span></td></tr>
</table>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Future">Future</span></h3>
<p>标准库提供了一些工具来获取异步任务（即在单独的线程中启动的函数）的返回值，并捕捉其所抛出的异常。这些值在<i>共享状态</i>中传递，其中异步任务可以写入其返回值或存储异常，而且可以由持有该引用该共享态的 <span class="t-lc"><a href="thread/future.html" title="cpp/thread/future">std::future</a></span> 或 <span class="t-lc"><a href="thread/shared_future.html" title="cpp/thread/shared future">std::shared_future</a></span> 实例的线程检验、等待或是操作这个状态。
</p><p><br>
</p>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td colspan="2"> <div>定义于头文件 <code>&lt;future&gt;</code> </div>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/promise.html" title="cpp/thread/promise"> <span class="t-lines"><span>promise</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  存储一个值以进行异步获取 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类模板)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/packaged_task.html" title="cpp/thread/packaged task"> <span class="t-lines"><span>packaged_task</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  打包一个函数，存储其返回值以进行异步获取 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类模板)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/future.html" title="cpp/thread/future"> <span class="t-lines"><span>future</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  等待被异步设置的值 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类模板)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/shared_future.html" title="cpp/thread/shared future"> <span class="t-lines"><span>shared_future</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  等待被异步设置的值（可能为其他 future 所引用） <br> <span class="t-mark">(类模板)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/async.html" title="cpp/thread/async"> <span class="t-lines"><span>async</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  异步运行一个函数（有可能在新线程中执行），并返回保有其结果的 <span class="t-lc"><a href="thread/future.html" title="cpp/thread/future">std::future</a></span>  <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/launch.html" title="cpp/thread/launch"> <span class="t-lines"><span>launch</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  指定 <span class="t-lc"><a href="thread/async.html" title="cpp/thread/async">std::async</a></span> 所用的运行策略 <br> <span class="t-mark">(枚举)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/future_status.html" title="cpp/thread/future status"> <span class="t-lines"><span>future_status</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  指定在 <span class="t-lc"><a href="thread/future.html" title="cpp/thread/future">std::future</a></span> 和 <span class="t-lc"><a href="thread/shared_future.html" title="cpp/thread/shared future">std::shared_future</a></span> 上的定时等待的结果 <br> <span class="t-mark">(枚举)</span> </td></tr>


<tr>
<td colspan="2"> <h5> <span class="mw-headline" id="Future_.E9.94.99.E8.AF.AF"> Future 错误 </span></h5>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/future_error.html" title="cpp/thread/future error"> <span class="t-lines"><span>future_error</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  报告与 future 或 promise 有关的错误 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/future/future_category.html" title="cpp/thread/future category"> <span class="t-lines"><span>future_category</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   鉴别 future 错误类别 <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="thread/future_errc.html" title="cpp/thread/future errc"> <span class="t-lines"><span>future_errc</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  鉴别 future 错误码 <br> <span class="t-mark">(枚举)</span> </td></tr>
</table>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E9.98.85">参阅</span></h3>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

</table>

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